Research on the Relationship between Prevention of the Small Brown Planthoppers (Laodelphax striatellus) in Rice Seedling Bed and the Incidence of Rice Stripe Virus

Research on the Relationship between Prevention of the Small Brown Planthoppers (Laodelphax striatellus) in Rice Seedling Bed and the Incidence of Rice Stripe Virus

The small brown planthoppers(Laodelphax striatellus)is an important pest in single late rice seedling stage in Zhejiang province and also the vector of the rice stripe virus,threatened paddy rice production.Through the investigation of transplanting time of rice seeding,occurrence quantity and carriage rate of overwinter and the first generation of the small brown planthoppers in wheat field and weed at the beginning of 2007,the small brown planthoppers mainly immigrated Early Sowing single late rice seedling from wheat field and weeds.The generation of the small brown planthoppers is the most serious in sowing single late rice seedling,and easily arouse the outbreak of the rice stripe virus.

Currently,control strategy of the rice stripe virus is"cut off a poisonous chain,cure insect to control the disease".During the last years,by investigating the small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling stage and adopting chemistry prevention at different number of times to control it,we research the relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling stage and the incidence of the rice stripe virus for explicating the affection of insect quantity in rice seedling stage and chemistry prevention to incidence of the rice stripe virus.Now we report the result as follows.

1 Materials and Methods

1.1 Materials

Agent:40%Chlorpyrifos(zhejiang xinnong chemical company limited).

Experimental field is in the experimental area of Shuangqiao academy of agricultural science in Xiuzhou district of Jiaxing City;rice variety is Jia 991 and is offered by Jiaxing academy of agricultural science.

1.2 Test methods

1.2.1 Seed treatment May 10 in 2007,rice seed is immersed in 2000 times'402 liquid over72h.May 13,we took it out and flushed with the clear water,then put it in the thermostat in 37℃ in order to pregerminate and seeded on May 15.

1.2.2 Experimental design The rice seedling bed is divided into 15 small areas that is 2m2 and each small area stays the partition of 30cm.Each small area is sowed seeds quantity homology.15 small areas are divided into 5 processing and the everywhere manages 3 small areas.5 processing differences expect:no application,once application,2 times application,3 times application and 4 times application in the rice seedling stage.Application of time is such as the table 1.The agent of prevention chooses to 40%Chlorpyrifos that diluted to 500 times liquids to spray.

ApplicationtimeApplicationnumberoftimes0times1times2times3times4times5/24√√√√6/1√√√6/8√√6/15√

Table 1 Different application number of times and time

1.2.3 Investigation of the small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling stage and incidence of the rice stripe virus We have investigated the small brown planthoppers quantity of every small area in rice seedling bed before application since May 24.The small area is investigated in 3 point and everywhere is 0.11m2,and we statistics the average of insect quantity in each point and compare with the quantity in different processing.We statistics the amount of rice seedling and the number of infected plants in every small area on June 20 when the rice seedling transplanted to the field,and computed the incidence of the rice stripe virus in each area.

1.2.4 Incidence of the rice stripe virus in the field After investigating incidence of the rice stripe virus in rice seedling stage,we transplanted the rice seedling from 5 processing area including no preventing,preventing once,2 times,3 times,4 times into the field,and periodical investigated the incidence of the rice stripe virus in the field.Each small area is chose 5 points while investigating,and investigated 250 stubs on each point and computed incidence in every small area.

2 Results

2.1 The small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling stage and incidence of rice stripe virus

2.1.1 The small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling stage Investigate a result on May 24,The small brown planthoppers all is longwing adults in each small rice seedling area,and the insect quantity is 138 in each 0.11m2;amount of insect in the field has a little bit decrease on June 1;on June 8 it obviously reduces and the number of egg and low instar nymphst increases gradually;until June 15 it has been basically low instar nymphst.

The result of investigation indicates,from June 1 to May 24,the insect quantity of every processing area presents to a descend trend,but the decrease range of the insect quantity in applicationarea is higher than in no application;From June 1 to June 15,the insect quantity of no and once application area increases gradually,which are higher than the cardinal number of ex-experiment,but the amount of insect in the other application areas have gradually decrease,see table 2,figure 1.

Date(month/day)0time1time2times3times4times5/241381451621431526/11191121251161206/8211175142122986/152471991398465Rateofincreasesordecrease(%)78.9937.24-14.20-41.26-57.24

Table 2 Investigation of the small brown planthoppers quantity in different processing areas of rice seedling

Figure 1 Investigation of the small brown planthoppers quantity in different processing aras of rice seelding

With the insect quantity of ex-application in each small area for cardinal number,compared with the amount of the last investigation,the insect quantity in no and once application area increased by 78.99%and 37.24%respectively,but it in 2 times,3 times and 4 times application area reduced by 14.20%,41.26%and 57.24%respectively.Experiment indicates,application inrice seedling bed can effectively repress the small brown planthoppers quantity in the field,and with application number of times increasing,which restraint effect is strengthen and amount of insect in small area reduces 57.24%with 4 times application.

2.1.2 Investigation of the incidence of the rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed The investigation of incidence of the rice stripe virus on that day when the rice seedling was transplanted to the field,there is all discovered diseased plants in each small areas,but which number in the small area of no application is obviously more than the application area.The incidence of no,once,2 times,3 times and 4 times application areas respectively is 5.53%,3.90%,2.27%,1.50%and 1.36%,see table 3.Experiment enunciation,application in the rice seedling bed is not only lower amount of the small brown planthoppers in the field,but also ease occurrence of rice stripe in rice seedling bed.

ApplicationtimesInriceseedlingbedDiseasedplantAmountIncidence(%)Reductionrateofriceseedling(%)InthefieldDiseasedplantAmountIncidence(%)Reductionrateofthefield(%)0time993179655.530237129618.2901time719184293.9029.48170113814.9418.322times404178302.2758.95116102011.3737.833times270180211.5072.887311016.6363.754times247181541.3675.416114234.2976.54

Table 3 The investigation of incidence of the rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed(Jiaxing,2006)

Seen from the investigation of the incidence of rice stripe virus with the different processing,the incidence in rice seedling bed of no application is lowered by 29.48%compared with once time application;compared with 2 times,the incidence is lowered by 29.47%with once application,and it is descended by 13.19%compared 2 times with 3 times;but compared 4 times application with 3 times,the incidence in rice seedling bed is only lowered 2.53%.This is because of the rice stripe virus has an incubation stage in rice plant after infection,and there is 12 days at least from infecting to outbreak;than the outbreak of rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed is on June 20.So that ex-3 times application depressed the cardinal number of the small brown planthoppers,and reduced the infection and the incidence of the rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed.But it is not obviously influencing for the incidence in rice seedling bed with the 4th time application on June 15.

2.2 The investigation of the incidence of the rice stripe in the field

The result that we periodic investigate the rice stripe virus in the field,the incidence in the field is basically stability after transplanting 40 days,and no longer appear a new disable plant.Because on the rice seedling stage we adopted the chemistry prevention with different number of times,the incidence of the rice stripe virus exists difference after the rice seedling transplanted to the field.The incidence is the tallest in no application small area and lowest in 4 times application small area.Along with the increment of application number of times,the incidence presents to obviously descend trend.With no,once,2 times,3 times,4 times application the incidence is in order to 18.29%,14.94%,11.37%,6.63%and 4.29%in the field.It is shown that application in the rice seedling bed depressed the small brown planthoppers quantity,and the function is very obviously for ease the occurrence of the rice stripe virus.

Analyzed the incidence of the rice stripe virus in various processing,it in the field with once and two times application distinctly descend 18.23%and 37.83%compared with no application;but when with the application number of times increase to 3 times,the descends range of the incidence is 63.75%and prevent effect is obviously higher than that with 2 times application,than after 4 times application the incidence descend to come to 76.54%.

2.3 The relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity and incidence of rice stripe virus

The relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity in rice seedling bed and incidence of rice stripe in rice seedling bed and field analytical,such as table 4,figure 2 shown.The relativity analyzes indicated,the small brown planthoppers quantity(x)and incidence of rice stripe in rice seedling bed(y)relation type is y=0.03 x+2.89,related coefficient r=0.99**;the small brown planthoppers quantity(x)and incidence of rice stripe in the field(y)relation type is y=0.10x+11.03,related coefficient r=0.98**.The relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity and incidence of rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed and field present positive correlation.

ApplicationtimesChangerateofthequantity(%)Incidenceinriceseedlingbed(%)Incidenceinthefield(%)0time78.995.5618.292times37.243.8914.943times-14.202.2711.375times-41.261.506.636times-57.241.364.29

Table 4 The investigation of the small brown planthoppers quantity and incidence of the rice stripe virus(Jiaxing,2006)

3 Summary and Discussion

It is very obvious that preventing the small brown planthoppers in rice seedling bed for controlling the occurrence of the rice stripe virus.The result of adopting the different application times indicates,that is repressed growth of the small brown planthoppers quantity,and also eased the occurrence of the rice stripe virus with increasing the application number of times.As the result of the test shows,there is the forward relationship between the range of incidence and application times;through investigating the incidence in the field,we can confirm that reasonable application is effectively to controlling the occurrence of the rice stripe virus.Moreover analysis of the relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity,incidence of the rice stripe virus in rice seedling bed and it in the flied,there have a positive correlation.Experiment shows,the reasonable and multiple application in rice seedling bed is the effective means to reduce the small brown planthoppers quantity and controlling the rice stripe virus.The controlling effect of the rice stripe virus is reached 70%with application 3 or 4 times on rice seedling stage.Therefore we suggest that we should pay attention to controlling the small brown planthoppers of the rice seedling bed at the rice stripe virus heavier region or age,especially in the rice seedling bed where sow seeds early and easily cause the small brown planthoppers centralize immigration.In order to prevent effectively,we should increase the number of application times to lower the small brown planthoppers quantity in the field,and control the harm of the rice stripe virus.

Figure 2 Relationship between the small brown planthoppers quantity andin cidence of rice stripe virus in different prevention of rice seedling bed