A Method of Field Disease Nursery Equipped with a Water Spray System for Identification of Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Oilseed Rape

A Method of Field Disease Nursery Equipped with a Water Spray System for Identification of Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Oilseed Rape

核盘菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）所致的油菜菌核病是毁灭性的。抗病性鉴定方法是抗病材料筛选和育种的关键。本研究探讨了一种有效的田间病害圃鉴定筛选的方法，该方法中维持适中的病害压力是鉴定区别油菜品系抗性的关键。病害圃中每年连作油菜，在播种前每行施两粒菌核。在开花期利用喷雾系统喷雾保湿。于成熟期按0～4级分级调查病害。在两年的试验中，90个品系发病率在3.3%～100%。发病率和病情指数在重复之间显著相关。小区的病情指数和相对抗性指数基本为正态分布。研究结果表明该方法是有效的、有用的和灵敏的。

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes a highly destructive disease in oilseed rape(Brassica napus).Methods for identification of resistance to S.sclerotiorum are crucial to screening and selection of resistance materials.In the study,we described a field disease nursery method efficient for resistance screening of breeding lines or germplasm of oilseed rape where maintaining of a suitable disease pressure is considered to be most important in order to differentiate levels of resistance existed in different lines.In the disease nursery,S.sclerotiorum inoculum had been maintained by growing oilseed rape consecutively and by placing two sclerotia in each row before sowing in each of the previous four seasons.During the flowering time,all plants were sprayed with water using a spray system.At maturity,disease severity was assessed on a 0~4 scale and disease index was calculated.In tests of two years,percent diseased plants of 90 lines(3 replicates in each year)ranged from 3.3%~100%.The percent of diseased plants and disease indices were significantly correlated between replicates(P<0.05).The frequency distributions of both disease indices(each plot)and relative resistance indices were in a normal form while the frequency distribution of percent diseased plants was negatively skewed.These data indicated that the method is efficient and useful to differentiate resistance of oilseed rape varieties.